Here is an example where the if then else cases do the same thing but cannot be collapsed into one case:

fn max_index<T : PartialOrd>( v : &[T] ) -> usize {   
    let mut imax = v.len();
    for (i, v_i) in v.iter().enumerate() {
        if imax == v.len() {
            imax = i;   
        } else if v[imax] < *v_i {
            imax = i;
        }
    }
    imax
}
fn main() {
    let v    = vec![0, 1, 2, 3];
    let imax = max_index(&v); 
    println!( "max = {}", v[imax] );
}

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